CLOUD CONCEPTS HUB
Cloud concepts explained
Cloud computing concepts explained: what each one means, how it works in practice and the cloud services that implement it.
743 concepts7 Rs of MigrationA/B TestingAcceptable Use PolicyAcceptance TestingAccess ControlACID TransactionsActive-Active ArchitectureAdapter PatternADKAR ModelAdversarial RobustnessAgentic AIAgile DevelopmentAI AgentsAI GuardrailsAI TransparencyAlgorithmic BiasAlgorithmic ComplexityAlgorithmic FairnessAlgorithmic Impact AssessmentAll-at-Once DeploymentAllowlistingAmazon EC2 instance typesAnalyticsAnomaly DetectionAnswer RelevanceAnycastApache ParquetAPI Gateway PatternAPI VersioningAPI-First DesignAPIsApplication integrationApproximate Nearest Neighbor SearchArchitecture ReviewsAsymmetric EncryptionAsymmetric RoutingAsynchronous CommunicationAsynchronous InferenceAt-Least-Once DeliveryAttack Path AnalysisAttack Surface ReductionAttribute-Based Access ControlAudit LoggingAuthenticationAutomation BiasAWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF)AWS ComplianceAWS global infrastructureAWS Knowledge CenterAWS Partner NetworkAWS Prescriptive GuidanceAWS Professional ServicesAWS re:PostAWS SDKsAWS Security BlogAWS Security CenterAWS shared responsibility modelAWS Solutions ArchitectsAWS Support CenterAWS Support plansAWS Well-Architected FrameworkBackpressureBackup and RestoreBackup IsolationBackward CompatibilityBatch InferenceBatch ProcessingBatch SizeBatchingBayesian OptimizationBenchmark DatasetsBenefits of migrating to the AWS CloudBenefits RealizationBERTScoreBias and FairnessBias-Variance TradeoffBidirectional Forwarding DetectionBinningBlast RadiusBLEUBlock StorageBlue-Green DeploymentBlue-Green DeploymentsBorder Gateway ProtocolBreak-Glass AccessBring Your Own KeyBring Your Own LicenseBroadcast JoinsBusiness Model CanvasCache InvalidationCache-AsideCachingCanary DeploymentCanary TestingCapability Maturity ModelCapacity PlanningCapital ExpenditureCatastrophic ForgettingCenter of ExcellenceCertificate managementChain of CustodyChain of TrustChain-of-Thought PromptingChampion/Challenger TestingChange Data CaptureChange Impact AssessmentChange ReadinessChaos EngineeringCheckpointingChoreographyChunked Transfer EncodingCI/CDCircuit BreakerClass ImbalanceClass ResamplingClassification MetricsClassless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)Client FingerprintingClient-Side EncryptionClock SkewCloud Service ModelsCode CoverageCode RefactoringColumnar StorageComma-Separated ValuesCommitment DiscountsCommunities of PracticeComposite AvailabilityComputeConcurrencyConcurrency ControlConditional BranchingConditional DNS ForwardingConditional ForwardingConfidence IntervalsConfidence ScoringConfiguration DriftConfiguration ManagementConfused Deputy ProblemConnection DrainingConnection MultiplexingConnection PoolingContainer OrchestrationContainersContent Delivery NetworkContent Delivery NetworksContent-Based RoutingContext PruningContext WindowContext WindowsContinued Pre-TrainingContinuous BatchingContract TestingControl GroupsConversation MemoryConversational AICosine SimilarityCost AllocationCost managementCost-Benefit AnalysisCPU ArchitectureCredential ManagementCredential Provider ChainCredential RevocationCredential RotationCron ExpressionsCross-Account AccessCross-ConnectsCross-Site ScriptingCross-ValidationCryptographic HashingData AnonymizationData ArchivingData AugmentationData CatalogingData ClassificationData CompressionData ContractsData CurationData DeduplicationData DriftData DurabilityData EgressData IntegrityData LabelingData LakesData LocalityData Loss PreventionData MaskingData MeshData MinimizationData Network EffectsData PartitioningData PoisoningData ProfilingData ProvenanceData QualityData ReplicationData RepresentativenessData ResidencyData RetentionData ShufflingData SilosData SkewData SovereigntyData SynchronizationData ValidationDatabaseDatabase IndexingDatabase NormalizationDatabase ReplicationDDoS MitigationDeadlocksDecision RightsDeclarative ProgrammingDeduplicationDefense in DepthDenormalizationDependency MappingDependency PinningDeployment RollbackDeterminismDeveloper toolsDHCPDifferential TestingDigital SignaturesDirected Acyclic GraphsDisaster recoveryDistributed ProcessingDistributed TracingDistributed TrainingDNSDNS over HTTPSDNS over TLSDNS TunnelingDNSSECDocument ChunkingDocument Data ModelDomain VerificationEarly StoppingEdge ComputingEffective PermissionsElasticityEmbeddingsEncryptionEncryption at RestEncryption in TransitEnd-to-End TestingEnsemble LearningEnvelope EncryptionEnvironment IsolationEnvironment VariablesEnvironmental SustainabilityEphemeral PortsEphemeral StorageEpochsEqual-Cost Multipath RoutingError BudgetsEthernet SwitchingEU AI ActEvent CorrelationEvent StreamingEvent-Driven ArchitectureEvent-Time ProcessingEventual ConsistencyEvidence IntegrityException HandlingExecutive SponsorshipExit CodesExperiment TrackingExplicit Deny PrecedenceExponential BackoffExternalized ConfigurationExtract, Transform, LoadFactual AccuracyFail-FastFailoverFalse PositivesFan-InFan-OutFault IsolationFault ToleranceFeature EngineeringFeature FlagsFeedback LoopsFiber OpticsFine-TuningFirst-Mover AdvantageFixed-Size ChunkingFluencyForward ProxyFoundation ModelsGap AnalysisGDPRGenerative AIGeneratorsGeneric Routing EncapsulationGENEVEGeofencingGeographic RoutingGitflowGraceful DegradationGradient ClippingGraph Data ModelGrowth MindsetGuiding CoalitionHallucinationsHealth ChecksHeterogeneous MigrationHierarchical ChunkingHierarchical IndexingHierarchical Navigable Small World (HNSW)High availabilityHigh performanceHomogeneous MigrationHorizontal ScalingHub-and-Spoke ModelHub-and-Spoke TopologyHuman-Centered DesignHuman-in-the-LoopHuman-in-the-Loop EvaluationHybrid CloudHybrid Cloud StorageHybrid SearchHyperparameter TuningHypothesis TestingIdempotencyIdentity FederationIGMPImmutable BackupsImmutable InfrastructureImmutable StorageIn-Context LearningIn-Memory CachingIn-Memory DatabasesIncident Response LifecycleIncremental LoadingIncremental ProcessingIncremental TransferInference LatencyInfrastructure as code (IaC)Input SanitizationInput ValidationInstruction HierarchyInstruction TuningIntegration TestingIntellectual Property RightsIntent ClassificationInter-Rater AgreementInterpretability-Performance TradeoffInverted IndexIOPSIP AddressingIP FragmentationIP RoutingIPsecIPv6ISO/IEC 23053ISO/IEC 42001Iterative Prompt RefinementJailbreakingJDBCJoinsJSONJSON Web TokensJumbo FramesKernel BypassKey CustodyKey ManagementKey Performance IndicatorsKey RotationKey SaltingKey-Value Data ModelKnowledge DistillationKV CachingLabel QualityLabor ProductivityLatencyLatency-Based RoutingLateral MovementLazy LoadingLeading IndicatorsLearning Rate SchedulesLeased LinesLeast privilegeLeast-Connections Load BalancingLegal HoldsLemmatizationLicense EntitlementsLicense PortabilityLicense-Included PricingLIMELink AggregationLink-Layer EncryptionLLM-as-a-JudgeLoad BalancingLoad TestingLog LevelsLog NormalizationLog RetentionLongest Prefix MatchLoose CouplingLow-Rank AdaptationMachine learningManagement and governanceMass CustomizationMaximum Transmission UnitMessage OrderingMessage QueuingMetadata ExtractionMetadata FilteringMetadata SchemasMetric CardinalityMicroservices and component deliveryMigration and data transferMigration PhasesMin-Max ScalingMinimum Viable ProductMissing Value ImputationMixed Precision TrainingMockingModel CardsModel CascadingModel CompressionModel Context ProtocolModel DistillationModel DriftModel EvaluationModel ExplainabilityModel InferenceModel InterpretabilityModel ParallelismModel RetrainingModel RobustnessModel RoutingModel TransparencyMonolithic ArchitectureMulti-Agent OrchestrationMulti-Factor AuthenticationMulti-Tier ArchitectureMulticastMulticast TunnelingMultimodal FusionMultimodal GenerationMultimodalityMultiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)Mutual TLSN-Gram OverlapNamed Entity RecognitionNatural Language ProcessingNegative PromptingNetwork Address TranslationNetwork IsolationNetwork PeeringNetwork SegmentationNetworking, connectivity, and content deliveryNeural NetworksNIST AI Risk Management FrameworkNondeterminismNucleus SamplingNull HandlingOAuth 2.0Object StorageOLTP Versus OLAPOn-Premises InfrastructureOnline InferenceOpen Cybersecurity Schema Framework (OCSF)Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)Open-Source ModelsOpenID ConnectOperating ExpenditureOperational Readiness ReviewsOptimistic Concurrency ControlORC File FormatOS HardeningOSI ModelOutput ValidationOverfittingOWASP Top 10Packet CapturePacket LossPaginationParallel ExecutionParallel ProcessingParameter-Efficient Fine-TuningParameterizationPartition PruningPartitioningPassword PoliciesPatch ManagementPath DiversityPath MTU DiscoveryPay-as-You-Go PricingPayback PeriodPerformance BenchmarkingPerformance ProfilingPhased RolloutPilot LightPoint-in-Time JoinsPoint-in-Time RecoveryPolicy as CodePolicy InheritancePolyglot PersistencePopulation Stability IndexPorters Five ForcesPost-Hoc ExplainabilityPre-TrainingPrecision@kPrecomputationPredicate PushdownPrice-Performance RatioPrivacy by DesignPrivacy Impact AssessmentPrivacy-Enhancing TechnologiesPrivilege EscalationPrivileged Access ManagementPrompt ChainingPrompt CompressionPrompt ContextPrompt InjectionPrompt TemplatesProof of ConceptPROXY ProtocolPseudonymizationPsychological SafetyPublic CloudPublic Key InfrastructurePublic-Key CryptographyPublish-Subscribe MessagingQuality GatesQuantizationQuery DecompositionQuery ExpansionQuery FederationQuery RewritingRACI MatrixRandom I/ORandom SamplingRandom SearchRate LimitingReActRead/Write SplittingReal-Time InferenceRecall@kRecovery Point ObjectiveRecovery Time ObjectiveRed TeamingReferential IntegrityRegression TestingRegular ExpressionsReinforcement LearningReinforcement Learning from Human FeedbackRelational Data ModelRelational JoinsRemote Direct Memory AccessRepartitioningReproducible BuildsRequest SigningRequest ValidationRerankingResiliencyResource EfficiencyResource TaggingResource UtilizationResponse StreamingRESTRetrieval LatencyRetrieval-Augmented GenerationReturn on InvestmentReverse ProxyRight-SizingRightsizingRisk AppetiteRisk MatrixRole-Based Access ControlRole-Based LearningRollbackRolling DeploymentROUGERound-Robin SchedulingRoute SummarizationRow-Level SecurityRule-Based AIRule-Based SystemsRunbooksRuntime Threat DetectionSame-Origin PolicySAML 2.0Schema EvolutionSchema on ReadSchema ValidationSD-WANSecure remote accessSecuritySecurity Quality GatesSelective DisclosureSelf-Signed CertificatesSemantic CachingSemantic ChunkingSemantic SearchSemantic SimilaritySemi-Structured DataSensitivity AnalysisSeparation of ConcernsSeparation of DutiesSequential I/OSerializationServer-Sent EventsServer-Side EncryptionServerlessService Level IndicatorsService Level ObjectivesServitizationSession AffinityShadow AIShadow TestingSHAPShardingShared File SystemsShift-Left SecuritySingle Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV)Single-Mode FiberSkills MatrixSlowly Changing DimensionsSmall Language ModelsSMOTESource CitationSplit-Horizon DNSSQL InjectionSQL JoinsStage-Gate ProcessStakeholder MappingStar SchemaState MachinesStateful and Stateless FilteringStateful ProcessingStatelessnessStatic AnalysisStatic Application Security TestingStatic RoutingStatus Quo BiasStop SequencesStorageStorage TieringStrategy PatternStratified SamplingStress TestingStrong ConsistencyStructured DataStructured LoggingStructured OutputsSubgroup AnalysisSubnettingSupervised LearningSWOT AnalysisSymmetric EncryptionSynchronous CommunicationSynchronous ReplicationTabletop ExercisesTask Completion RateTask DecompositionTask PlanningTCP Congestion ControlTCP MSS ClampingTCP Window ScalingTechnology Adoption LifecycleTemperature SamplingTemporal AggregationTemporal CorrelationTemporary CredentialsTest DoublesTest PyramidText ChunkingText EmbeddingsText GenerationText NormalizationText-to-SQLThreat ModelingThroughputTime SeriesTime to LiveTime-Series DataTimeline ReconstructionTimeoutsTLS TerminationToken BucketToken BudgetingToken ValidationTokenizationTool CallingTool UseTop-K SamplingTotal Cost of OwnershipTrace SamplingTraffic ShapingTrain-Validation-Test SplitTraining-Serving SkewTrajectory EvaluationTransaction IsolationTransfer LearningTransformer ArchitectureTransitive RoutingTransmission Control ProtocolTransport Layer SecurityTree Data StructuresTrunk-Based DevelopmentTrust BoundariesUI TestingUnderfittingUnicastUniqueness ConstraintsUnit TestingUnstructured DataUnsupervised LearningUsage-Based PricingUser SatisfactionVector QuantizationVector SearchVectorizationVendor Lock-InVersion ControlVertical ScalingVirtual LAN (VLAN)Virtual Private NetworksVirtualizationVLAN TaggingVolume DiscountsVulnerability AssessmentVXLANWarm StandbyWaterfall ModelWebhooksWebSocketsWeighted RoutingWeighted ScoringWindow FunctionsWindowed AggregationWorkflow OrchestrationWorkload IdentityWorkload PredictabilityWrite Once, Read Many (WORM) StorageWrite-Through CachingZero Trust